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King salmon or chinook salmon is a variety of the salmonidae fish family, famous for its large size. King salmon are also known as Columbia River chinook salmon, black salmon and sometimes winter or spring salmon. Main fisheries specializing in the commercial harvest of king salmon are located on the West Coast of North America, mainly on the north part of the Pacific Ocean (Alaska, WashingtonState and British Columbia, CA). Alaska fresh king salmon is marketed around the world. Adult salmon could reach 65 inches in length, but the average is from 32 to 36 inches (that's about 1 meter long), and their average weight is from 20 to 40 pounds.
Salmon are an anadromous fish. King salmon prefer the cool and oxygenated salt water of the North Pacific Ocean where they find abundant food. They spend the 2-4 years of their adult life there, but migrate up the fresh water rivers and streams to attempt to spawn at the same location where they were spawned. Different salmon species return at different times of the year. King, chinook, red, and sockeye salmon generally are seen returning to rivers in the spring. During the summer the silver or coho salmon dominate the runs. Chum salmon and steelhead trout, a member of the salmon family, often migrate during the autumn.
Because the migration is so challenging, the quality of the salmon declines the farther the salmon travels. The best Alaska fresh king salmon for eating are caught in or near salt water. This has encouraged the development of coastal salmon fish farms which now offer quality salmon in competitive quantities. Farmed salmon provide affordable supply and protect native salmon runs from being overfished.
Salmon is available to consumers in various forms: fresh, smoked, canned, cured as lox, dried as jerky, or processed as pate’ or sushi.